2025碳排放挑戰：傳統車企與電動車合作應對新規範

為應對即將到來的2025年歐盟碳排放規範，多家主要汽車製造商正加速行動，與電動車領導企業特斯拉（Tesla）和極星（Polestar）等公司合作，共享二氧化碳排放額度並購買碳信用額度，藉此達成排放目標，避免高額罰款。

根據歐盟最新文件顯示，透過與電動車製造商合作組成「排放池」，傳統汽車品牌得以降低自身的碳排放平均值，節省數億歐元的罰款成本。一位Stellantis發言人表示：「參與排放池將幫助我們達成歐盟的目標，同時優化資源的使用。」

In response to the upcoming EU carbon emission regulations in 2025, many major automakers are accelerating their actions and are cooperating with companies such as electric vehicle leaders Tesla and Polestar to share carbon dioxide emission quotas and purchase carbon credits to achieve emission targets and avoid high fines.

According to the latest EU documents, by cooperating with electric vehicle manufacturers to form an "emission pool", traditional car brands can reduce their average carbon emissions and save hundreds of millions of euros in fine costs. A Stellantis spokesman said: "Participation in emission pools will help us meet EU targets while optimizing the use of resources."

排放池合作夥伴揭曉

這些合作計劃標誌著傳統汽車製造商和電動車公司之間的一種新型夥伴關係。在汽車行業加速向可持續發展轉型的背景下，這種協作模式不僅能降低運營風險，還有助於推動低碳技術的進一步普及。電動車製造商則藉此機會進一步擴展其商業模式，通過出售碳信用額度實現額外收益。

Drainage pond partners announced

The plans mark a new type of partnership between traditional automakers and electric vehicle companies. In the context of the automotive industry's accelerated transformation towards sustainable development, this collaborative model can not only reduce operational risks, but also help promote the further popularization of low-carbon technologies. Electric vehicle manufacturers are taking this opportunity to further expand their business models and achieve additional revenue by selling carbon credits.

高額罰款與政策爭議

根據雷諾（Renault）首席執行官Luca De Meo的估算，2025年規範可能使歐洲汽車業面臨高達150億歐元（約156億美元）的額外成本壓力。歐洲汽車製造商協會（ACEA）與包括義大利在內的部分政府呼籲暫停或重新檢討相關罰則，認為當前的規範可能給傳統車企帶來過大的財務負擔，進而影響行業穩定性。

儘管如此，支持者則認為，嚴格的規範能推動汽車行業向電動化和低碳技術轉型。歐洲氣候組織代表指出：「這些規範雖然短期內帶來挑戰，但長期來看，將促進更清潔的技術，為環境保護帶來積極影響。」

High fines and policy disputes

According to estimates by Renault CEO Luca De Meo, the 2025 regulations could subject the European auto industry to additional cost pressures of up to 15 billion euros (about $15.6 billion). The European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) and some governments, including Italy, have called for the suspension or review of relevant penalties, believing that the current regulations may bring excessive financial burdens to traditional car companies, thereby affecting the stability of the industry.

Still, proponents argue that strict regulations can drive the industry's transition to electrification and low-carbon technologies. A representative of the European Climate Organization pointed out: "Although these regulations will bring challenges in the short term, in the long term, they will promote cleaner technologies and have a positive impact on environmental protection."

申請截止期限

有意加入特斯拉領導的排放池的車企須於2024年2月5日前提交申請，而梅賽德斯排放池的申請截止日期為2月7日。文件並未披露涉及的具體碳信用額度。然而，業界專家預測，碳信用的需求將在未來幾年顯著增加，特別是隨著更多國家實施類似歐盟的排放標準。

歐盟2025年碳排放規範背景

歐盟的2025年碳排放規範旨在加速汽車行業向低碳化過渡，要求車企將其新車車隊的平均二氧化碳排放降至更低水平。未能達標的企業將面臨每克二氧化碳超標罰款95歐元的嚴厲懲罰。

這一規範的推出正值全球氣候危機加劇之際，歐盟希望藉此帶動更多創新技術的開發與應用。不過，業內人士指出，要全面實現碳排放合規，仍需克服電動車充電基礎設施不足、電池原材料供應挑戰等多方面問題。

Application deadline

Car companies interested in joining the emissions pool led by Tesla must submit an application before February 5, 2024, while the application deadline for the Mercedes emissions pool is February 7. The document did not disclose the specific carbon credits involved. However, industry experts predict that demand for carbon credits will increase significantly in the coming years, especially as more countries implement EU-like emissions standards.

Background of EU 2025 carbon emission regulations

The EU's 2025 carbon emissions regulations aim to accelerate the automotive industry's transition to low-carbonization and require car companies to reduce the average carbon dioxide emissions of their new car fleets to lower levels. Companies that fail to meet the standards will face severe penalties of 95 euros per gram of carbon dioxide exceeding the standard.

The introduction of this specification comes at a time when the global climate crisis is intensifying, and the EU hopes to use this to promote the development and application of more innovative technologies. However, industry insiders pointed out that to fully achieve carbon emission compliance, many problems such as insufficient electric vehicle charging infrastructure and battery raw material supply challenges still need to be overcome.

Prospects and Industry Impact

The implementation of these initiatives shows that automakers are actively responding to the challenges of the new era and balancing economic interests and environmental responsibilities. Through cooperation with electric vehicle manufacturers, traditional car companies can not only achieve short-term emission targets, but also lay the foundation for future technology upgrades and business transformation.

前瞻與行業影響

這些舉措的推行表明，汽車製造商正積極應對新時代的挑戰，平衡經濟利益與環境責任。透過與電動車製造商的合作，傳統車企不僅能達成短期排放目標，也為未來的技術升級和業務轉型奠定基礎。

同時，這些合作夥伴關係還可能改變行業競爭格局。隨著碳信用額度成為一種新的「商品」，那些在電動車技術上領先的公司將在市場上擁有更大的話語權。對於消費者來說，這種變化也可能帶來更具吸引力的低碳產品選擇，進一步推動可持續交通的普及。

At the same time, these partnerships may also change the competitive landscape of the industry. As carbon credits become a new “commodity,” companies that lead in electric vehicle technology will have a greater say in the market. For consumers, this change may also lead to more attractive low-carbon product options, further promoting the popularity of sustainable transportation.

在未來幾年內，隨著歐盟規範的逐步實施，汽車行業的轉型速度預計將進一步加快，而電動車技術的創新與應用將成為這一轉型的核心驅動力。

In the next few years, with the gradual implementation of EU regulations, the transformation speed of the automotive industry is expected to further accelerate, and the innovation and application of electric vehicle technology will become the core driving force of this transformation.

歐盟即將實施的2025年碳排放規範，顯示出政策手段正在大幅推動汽車產業加速轉型。過去只在技術或市場上互相競爭的企業，如今因排放規範而形成共同利益，甚至開始共享碳信用額度。這一現象在某種程度上反映出車企不再只依靠自行研發來應對氣候政策，而是透過整合資源與強項，找出最快達成合規目標的方式。思享永續顧問服務的賴昱瑋會計師分析後認為，這種合作並非毫無爭議。部分傳統車企批評規範過於嚴苛，可能導致龐大的罰款與財務壓力，但支持者則認為唯有透過具體而明確的法規，才能真正驅動業界實現電動化與低碳化。實際上，能否順利執行，還取決於產業鏈的多項前提，例如電池原料供應的穩定性、充電基礎設施的完善程度，以及消費者對電動車的接受度。

The EU's upcoming 2025 carbon emission regulations show that policy measures are significantly promoting the accelerated transformation of the automotive industry. Companies that in the past only competed with each other on technology or market now have common interests due to emission regulations and have even begun to share carbon credits. This phenomenon reflects to some extent that car companies no longer rely solely on their own research and development to respond to climate policies, but instead integrate resources and strengths to find the fastest way to achieve compliance goals. After analysis, accountant Lai Yuwei of Scienjoy Sustainability Consulting Services believes that this kind of cooperation is not without controversy. Some traditional car companies have criticized the regulations as being too stringent, which may lead to huge fines and financial pressure, but supporters believe that only through specific and clear regulations can the industry truly be driven to achieve electrification and low-carbonization. In fact, whether it can be implemented smoothly depends on a number of prerequisites in the industry chain, such as the stability of the supply of battery raw materials, the perfection of charging infrastructure, and consumer acceptance of electric vehicles.

總體而言，歐盟碳排放規範既是產業挑戰，也是技術升級的催化劑。隨著合作模式的演進和市場需求的轉變，汽車產業將在低碳化的道路上更加多元地發展，也為消費者提供更多切實可行的綠色出行選擇。

Overall, EU carbon emission regulations are both an industrial challenge and a catalyst for technological upgrading. With the evolution of cooperation models and changes in market demand, the automobile industry will develop in a more diversified manner on the road to low-carbonization and provide consumers with more feasible green travel options.