水資源成氣候預警核心

隨著極端乾旱與洪災日益頻繁，水資源已成為氣候變遷最直接的警訊與挑戰。在2025年於法國舉行的Cercle de Giverny論壇上，水資源永續管理與氣候調適成為核心議題。法國巴黎銀行（BNP Paribas）公司參與部門的兩位專家—ESG策略研究主管Nathalie Jaubert與ESG專業主管Guillaume Poupy—分享了該行如何協助企業客戶並提供融資，推動可持續與具韌性的水資源解決方案。

As droughts and floods grow increasingly severe worldwide, water has become the most immediate and visible indicator of climate change. At the 2025 Cercle de Giverny forum in France, sustainable water management and climate adaptation dominated discussions. To shed light

Guillaume Poupy指出，水循環連結所有自然環境與生態系，涵蓋從冰川到海洋的每個環節，也深刻影響農業灌溉、工業製程、能源生產與飲用水供應。然而氣候變遷加速並強化了水循環，使大氣中懸浮的水分增加，導致更頻繁與更劇烈的降雨與暴風，帶來洪水、污染擴散及地下水補給中斷的風險。聯合國估計，全球近九成的氣候災害都與水有關。

on how BNP Paribas supports clients and finances resilient solutions, two experts from the bank’s Company Engagement team - Nathalie Jaubert, Head of ESG Strategy, Research and Expertise, and Guillaume Poupy, Head of ESG Expertise - outlined the group’s initiatives.

水危機的雙面：乾旱與洪災 根據美國NASA與德國GRACE衛星的20年資料，2023年發表的研究顯示極端乾旱與洪災的發生頻率持續增加。

“Water links all natural environments, from glaciers to oceans, and directly impacts agriculture, industry, energy, and safe drinking supplies,” said Poupy. Yet climate change is accelerating and intensifying the water cycle, increasing atmospheric moisture and triggering more frequent and intense rainfall events. These sudden deluges can cause floods, spread pollutants, and disrupt groundwater recharge. The United Nations estimates that nearly 90% of climate-related disasters are water-driven.

2024年，歐洲南部的西班牙巴倫西亞省因連續暴雨和河川氾濫造成232人死亡，估計經濟損失超過180億歐元。

The Dual Crisis: Droughts and Floods A 2023 NASA study using two decades of GRACE and GRACE-FO satellite data shows that extreme droughts and floods are rising in frequency. In 2024, storms and floods affected 413,000 people in Europe, particularly in Valencia, Spain, causing

世界氣象組織並指出，2023年全球冰川融水量超過6000億噸，為近五十年最大規模。

232 deaths and an estimated €18 billion in damage. Meanwhile, the World Meteorological Organization reports that glaciers lost more than 600 gigatonnes of water in 2023, the greatest mass loss in fifty years - temporarily boosting river flow but ultimately worsening scarcity.

雖然短期內增加河川流量，但這種「水量豐沛」只是暫時現象。

Water quality is equally urgent. Pollutants - from farm runoff and pesticides to PFAS “forever chemicals” and pharmaceutical residues - contaminate rivers, lakes, and aquifers, threatening ecosystems and public health. According to the UN’s 2025 assessment of Sustainable Development Goal 6, 2.2 billion people lacked safely managed drinking water in 2024. Poupy stressed the importance of a three-tier strategy: reduce pollutants at the source, intercept emissions, and remediate downstream when necessary.

水質污染同樣令人憂心。農業過量施肥、農藥及塑膠廢棄物、PFAS「永久化學物」與藥物殘留等，都可能進入河川、湖泊與地下水系統，危害生態與人體健康。2025年聯合國報告指出，2024年全球仍有22億人無法取得安全的飲用水。Poupy強調，減少污染應從源頭減產、排放時攔截、必要時再進行下游清理，才能有效降低對環境的衝擊。

BNP Paribas’ Role BNP Paribas is working with companies to improve water management, pollution prevention, and climate resilience investments. Its financing supports solutions such as water recycling, flood-protection infrastructure, and industrial water-efficiency technologies, while its ESG expertise helps align corporate strategies with global sustainability needs.

BNP Paribas的角色與行動 面對水資源風險，BNP Paribas正協助企業在水資源管理、污染防治與氣候韌性投資上取得突破。該行支持的方案涵蓋水循環再利用、洪災防護設施到工業節水科技，並透過融資與ESG專業輔導，引導企業與社區在全球氣候壓力下實現永續轉型。

By combining financial support with environmental expertise, BNP Paribas is enabling businesses and communities to adapt to the escalating water crisis, reinforcing water as not only a critical resource but also a central warning signal of climate change.