什麼是碳足跡?

隨著極端氣候的加劇，全球高溫、暴雨等現象促使生態滅絕危機加速，其背後與大氣中的溫室氣體濃度密切相關。因此，計算二氧化碳排放量成為永續發展的首要課題。全球多國，如美國、日本、泰國等，均推出了碳標籤制度，而台灣則進一步要求通過第三方機構的查驗，強調盤查二氧化碳排放與揭露的重要性。

With the intensification of extreme climate, global high temperatures, heavy rains and other phenomena have accelerated the ecological extinction crisis, which is closely related to the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Therefore, calculating carbon dioxide emissions has become a primary issue for sustainable development. Many countries around the world, such as the United States, Japan, and Thailand, have launched carbon labeling systems, while Taiwan further requires inspections by third-party agencies, emphasizing the importance of carbon dioxide emissions inspection and disclosure.

美國環保署（EPA）將碳足跡定義為個人、組織或企業每年排放到大氣中的溫室氣體總量。這包括直接排放，如暖氣、汽車排放的燃料，以及使用商品和服務產生的間接排放，如發電廠和製造業的排碳。台灣則專注於產品碳足跡，計算產品生命週期中的碳排放，從原料開採到最終廢棄和回收的各個環節。

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines carbon footprint as the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere by an individual, organization or business each year. This includes direct emissions, such as heating and fuel emissions from cars, as well as indirect emissions from the use of goods and services, such as carbon emissions from power plants and manufacturing. Taiwan focuses on product carbon footprint, calculating carbon emissions in the product life cycle, from raw material extraction to final disposal and recycling.

如何減少碳足跡？

How to reduce your carbon footprint?

哈佛商學院提出了企業減少碳足跡的五種方法：

碳足跡盤查步驟

台灣的碳足跡相關規範包括「產品碳足跡管理要點」和「碳足跡產品類別規則」，其計算方式依據國際標準ISO 14067:2018。企業需確認適用的產品類別規則（PCR），蒐集數據並完成平台專用盤查清冊，然後通過第三方查證公司或環境部的審查。該流程至少需要7個半月，且聲明書的有效期為2年。

Harvard Business School proposes five ways for businesses to reduce their carbon footprint:

Carbon footprint inventory steps

Taiwan's carbon footprint related specifications include "Key Points for Product Carbon Footprint Management" and "Carbon Footprint Product Category Rules", and their calculation method is based on the international standard ISO 14067:2018. Companies need to confirm the applicable product category rules (PCR), collect data and complete a platform-specific inventory, and then go through a review by a third-party verification company or the Ministry of Environment. The process takes at least 7 and a half months, and the declaration is valid for 2 years.

碳足跡與減碳標章

台灣自2010年起實施「碳足跡標章」，用於標示經過碳足跡計算與查證的產品。標章的有效期為5年，聲明書的有效期至少1年。此外，台灣自2014年開始推動「減碳標章」，要求產品在5年內碳足跡減少3%以上，並需進行碳排基線申請和承諾達成申請。

Carbon footprint and carbon reduction label

Taiwan has implemented the "Carbon Footprint Label" since 2010, which is used to mark products that have undergone carbon footprint calculation and verification. The mark is valid for 5 years and the declaration is valid for at least 1 year. In addition, Taiwan has promoted the "Carbon Reduction Label" since 2014, which requires products to reduce their carbon footprint by more than 3% within five years, and requires a carbon emission baseline application and commitment fulfillment application.

碳足跡盤查與碳盤查的區別

The difference between carbon footprint inventory and carbon inventory

碳足跡盤查主要針對產品的生命週期碳排，而碳盤查則鎖定企業和組織的運營碳排，涵蓋範疇一、二、三的排放。

Carbon footprint inventory mainly focuses on the life cycle carbon emissions of products, while carbon inventory targets the operational carbon emissions of enterprises and organizations, covering emissions in categories 1, 2 and 3.

透過上述方法，企業與消費者共同參與碳足跡管理，有助於減少溫室氣體排放，推動低碳永續發展。

Through the above methods, companies and consumers jointly participate in carbon footprint management, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote low-carbon and sustainable development.